My old riding mower did the same thing after I replaced a pulley. The grinding was the belt riding sideways on a new bearing because the alignment was still off. I spent an hour with a straight edge getting the pulley faces lined up perfectly and the noise quit. Sometimes fixing one part just shows you the next worn out thing in the line.
Wait, @aaronm55, you actually measured pulley faces with a straight edge for a FULL hour? That's insane dedication right there. I can't imagine the focus needed to get every millimeter perfect. Cooper.spencer, hours on a snowblower belt sounds like a nightmare I'm happy to avoid.