Reading a 1920s forge manual and the coal consumption numbers are wild
I was going through a copy of 'The Blacksmith's Craft' from 1923 and it claims a standard forge could burn through a quarter ton of coal in a single ten hour day. That's a whole pallet of bagged coal from the yard, gone. How did anyone afford to run a shop before industrial electricity?
My granddad ran a small shop and always said the coal bill was what kept him up at night. He had to choose jobs carefully because heating a big piece for a wagon tire could eat a day's profit in fuel alone. It makes you realize why so many smiths also farmed or did odd jobs just to keep the forge fed.
My uncle collects old trade catalogs and the numbers for a steam hammer forge were even worse. One from 1910 said a medium sized shop could use over two tons of coal in a day just to keep the steam up. It wasn't just buying the coal, you needed a team and wagons to haul it all. The whole economy had to be built around moving that much solid fuel.
A quarter ton a day is just insane to picture. That's a crazy amount of manual labor just moving fuel around before you even start working. No wonder everything was so expensive back then.